New works by Alix Voz check out identity, freedom, and connections to pure landscape
Callander’s Alex Dufresne Gallery reopened nowadays with a new exhibit by North Bay artist Alix Voz. Her show, entitled Revenant: tie to water, runs until eventually February 26, and there will be an opening reception this Saturday, February 5 from 2:00 to 4:00 p.m.
The artist will be there to converse about her perform, which explores “ideas of abstraction” to give indicating to one’s connections to the landscape and the drinking water, and how they influence one’s perception of identity.
Voz, who is the curator of the WKP Kennedy Gallery in North Bay, described her “favorite inventive motion is the Abstract Expressionist who ended up asserting their liberty of expression submit-war,” and these artists impressed her to delve into the venture that grew to become Revenant.
“I was impressed by their approaches and motivations,” Voz ongoing. “The work started off to establish its personal which means as it grew. This inspiration and the all-natural progress of the work’s intent led me to the title Revenant Art it is a revival of expression and freedoms.”
The works have been developed during pandemic lockdowns, a time through which “I was looking for a sense of flexibility and expression” to expose as a result of her art. Admittedly, “I’ve generally set stress upon myself to have theoretical function,” but for this challenge “I authorized myself to let go of these self-imposed procedures.”
With vows to “express myself in a way I felt interesting and partaking,” the is effective composing Revenant took form. “It was liberating.”
See: Alex Dufresne’s newest exhibit highlights journey of exploring ethnicity, household, and self
As some of the is effective approached completion, “I was on the lookout at these portray and felt a solid drive to provide them to the lake. This tie to the water was inevitable,” and as soon as lakeside, Vox photographed the performs to depth “the partnership of the paintings and the lake.”
“Tying my artwork to the water felt like the ideal conclusion to this project,” Voz spelled out. As aspect of her independence quest, she did not “know the consequence when I started” the job, she “simply understood I needed to generate, wanted to paint,” to obtain “a perception of freedom.”
The works—albeit in an summary and remarkably stylized way—reflect Voz’s link with the purely natural atmosphere and how “familiarity of the Northern Ontario landscapes” tell and affect individual identity.
“My work is really impacted by my setting and how certain web sites affect my identity,” she stated, and as revenants refers to revival of ideas, it also alludes to one coming back again from an additional place or even from the useless, comparable to how those web pages and activities can figuratively return to memory prolonged just after the original experience.
“This entire body of do the job was my feeling of revenants,” she claimed.
Cumulus, the primary worldwide affiliation of art and style and design education and learning and exploration, looks to CCS and Detroit to host its 2022 convention, “Design for Adaptation.”
Getting spot November 2-4, 2022, Style for Adaptation will take a look at the role artists and designers perform in accelerating adaptation to the fast and potential impacts of weather adjust via a large selection of ways, techniques, visions and experiments that look for to decrease vulnerabilities and foster resilience for any community, large or compact. Extending outside of the natural environment to human rights, poverty, inequity, world wide foods protection, well being, climate change effects phone for swift motion and adaptation.
“Global steps to slow weather transform are promising but insufficient. Although designers have questioned their responsibilities for 25 decades, number of have concentrated on how individuals stay in a shifting atmosphere,” claims Maria Luisa Rossi, Cumulus Detroit 2022 convention chair and CCS Techniques Style and design Thinking MFA chair. “This emergency—without precedent—requires daring and resourceful wondering. Design and style for Adaptation will convey hundreds of the world’s most brilliant and inventive minds collectively to rally all over this well timed and critical subject matter.”
Fantastic Lakes region field leaders, lecturers, and group activists have interrogated queries relating to local weather modify and justice and piloted new suggestions in and all around Detroit for quite a few decades. The area has knowledgeable historic flooding, file breaking drinking water degrees in the Excellent Lakes and other climate events in recent years.
“Detroit has lengthy been a celebrated hub of industrial design and style in the United States and house to global design and style giants. Nowadays it stands out as significantly for its storied historical past as for the cultural renaissance it continues to be at the middle of,” explained Mariana Amatullo, PhD, president of the Cumulus Association, affiliate professor at Parsons School of Design and Vice Provost of the New School. “The initially U.S. town to obtain the honor of UNESCO’s designation as a Metropolis of Structure, Detroit and our member CCS will be inspiring hosts to see the Cumulus world wide group have interaction with the urgent contact for action that the meeting invites about the interdependent concerns our disciplines ought to contend with if we are to style our way out of the worst of the global weather crisis.”
“Hosting an intercontinental convention of this magnitude is a activity that CCS does not just take frivolously,” reported Don L. Tuski, president of the University. “Climate action and social duty are an intrinsic section of the CCS curriculum, tradition and main. Detroit gives a prosperous variety of tasks and initiatives that will assistance lead to a superior future.”
Cumulus conferences offer a collaborative academic encounter, like options to current academic and experienced papers and posters, take part in workshops and exhibitions, meet up with with peers from Cumulus Doing work Groups and community with the broader circle of Cumulus worldwide companion businesses and pals. It makes it possible for attendees to take a look at new area contexts, and expertise the rich variety in ways to art and layout education and exploration represented by the world character of Cumulus users.
“This year’s convention expands to incorporate the membership of AICAD, additional widening the circle of establishments in North The united states. AICAD is thrilled to associate with CCS, a member establishment, to welcome Cumulus to North The united states,” stated Deborah Obalil, president and government director of AICAD. “Through our once-a-year symposia and other programs, the membership of AICAD has been exploring the intersections of weather change, racial justice and the arts and design and style for a couple years. Partnering with CCS on this Cumulus Convention addressing Design for Adaptation is an excellent way to proceed that dialogue on a global scale.”
CCS and AICAD invite scholars, designers, artists and local weather activists to post papers and poster abstracts for thought of contribution. Submissions can be designed by the Cumulus web site.
Vital Dates Call for Contributions – February 7, 2022 Paper Summary Deadline – March 14, 2022 Poster Abstract Deadline – April 25, 2022 Entire Paper submission Deadline – May possibly 23, 2022 Poster submission Deadline – June 6, 2022 Camera All set Paper Deadline – July 8, 2022 Digicam Prepared Poster Deadline – July 8, 2022
Christine Susemihl, who worked with CSU athletics for 45 decades and rose to the place of Senior Women’s Administrator, remembers the conclusions to fall sporting activities – other individuals experienced been removed right before — were being anything at all but everyday.
“The significant thing there was we dropped baseball. The administration felt, very well, we can fall softball, due to the fact that’s fairness,” Susemihl explained. “That’s not how the courts viewed it, mainly mainly because a lot of it was ruled by the ratio among male and female pupils in the scholar overall body.”
Susemihl stated the university understood it was likely to be at danger for doing so, but Colorado Condition wasn’t the only campus dropping sporting activities and hoping to stability out the scales and ledgers at the similar time.
From 1992, when the university tried to fall softball, as a result of 1994, when the go well with at last came to an conclusion and the softball software was reinstated, there have been 20 other scenarios getting heard in the courts.
Not all of them attained the Supreme Courtroom.
“There were being issues and surprises, like acquiring sued all the way to the Supreme Courtroom,” Susemihl explained. “I always felt like the college was trying to do the most effective, and they acknowledged the selections, lived with it, and continued to develop the system and invest in it. Last but not least, it kind of all settled down.”
When the to start with product in a Google lookup of your name is a Supreme Courtroom case, you wander the line diligently. Roberts wrestles with the simple fact, recognizing most men and women have a detrimental connotation with lawsuits. For her, the matter is not a discussion starter. It will not finish one, either. Most of the people today she’s recognized for many years never know about it, and the number of who request do not make a major deal of it, but she will fill in the blanks of their curiosities.
How her identify became mentioned 1st among the the 13 listed, Roberts is not exactly sure. Bielak joked Roberts deserved major billing since her father Norman did all the leg do the job for the staff.
Time and position has a whole lot to do with those people discussions, and the 25th anniversary of the plan getting reinstated was an best location. So as well ended up all those keen to hear, gamers with “Rams” emblazoned on the front of their jerseys due to the persistence of some others. That’s the way it definitely is for all of the players who dared to stand.
“They arrived to our alumni recreation, and a couple of the persons who had been on the group at the time and went through the complete process of having the scenario to the Supreme Courtroom had been there,” latest senior Kaitlyn Cook dinner stated. “They arrived and talked to us, and I had heard from them my freshman year, and it was pleasant to re-listen to the tale from their stage of check out this past yr.
“What they did, I’m grateful, for absolutely sure. The potential to participate in, I hadn’t identified about the tale coming in. The braveness and the strength to not only fight for the system and struggle for us and potential generations of softball, but also go to school … Some of them did it realizing they weren’t coming back again to engage in. They did it figuring out girls like me have been going to be able to remain in a system that has truthfully formed who I am.”
That was the matter. Originally, all of the customers of the 1992 squad were mad. How could their university do this to them? It was pretty personal to them, even if the college considered it as a financial transaction.
It was all about them, way too, especially in the beginning. Their college professions have been on keep, but so was their training. Roberts favored the softball program, but she loved the engineering faculty. It was all tied jointly.
Even now, it did not consider extensive for them to see the even larger picture.
“Those factors start out out a small bit selfishly,” Roberts said. “You’re like, no, I want to play. The far more you start out to master about the circumstance at hand and you take into account this is the only Division I application in the condition at this minute, this would take absent possibilities in a sport that is rising all the time. Considering the fact that the 1980s, softball has taken off like a rocket at so numerous ranges. Chances for young gals to go to faculty at what ever stage and have the prospect to play a sport – sport teaches you so a lot of items.
“Opportunities, to me, are way even bigger than me finding to engage in. I loved likely to Colorado State. It was unfortunate for me to consider a little something would be unavailable when all we needed to do was characterize the college and this is a little something to be recognized in this point out.”
The 1st detail the team did was file an injunction on Nov. 19, 1992 to end the move, but the court docket dominated it necessary additional points and getting of legislation. What did happen was CSU honored the scholarships of those people included in the go well with and agreed not to provide off the program’s equipment.
The 7 days in advance of Thanksgiving, the scenario went to District Courtroom, exactly where both sides presented their arguments, and with the members of the workforce in courtroom, some of whom had been referred to as to testify, their planet see was opened.
“It was really scary, mainly because it was in US District Courtroom, a federal courtroom, and it was scary. None of us experienced any encounter with this and what it entailed,” Bielak claimed. “I’m not certain some of us realized what a large point it was even though we were undertaking it. It grew to become a landmark situation and it’s been cited how several quantity of situations? It was frightening, the choose was terrifying and CSU marched in with all these attorneys and there ended up people today from the athletic office. It was like we were being shell-shocked. Here’s a bunch of adolescents and younger gals walking in … Very significantly a David vs. Goliath variety of thing.”
Colorado Point out argued the feminine participation rate at the time was substantially proportional to the latest female enrollment charge. It was not. At the time, there were 17 varsity programs, and girls produced up 35.2 p.c of the total. The undergraduate enrollment at the college was 47.9 {6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} woman, building the disparity 12.7 per cent.
In the decade prior, that experienced constantly been the situation, with an common of 14.1 beginning from a 1980-81 setting up place.
The college argued the framework of Title IX furnished no advice in what identified “substantial proportionality, and they pointed to an Investigators Guide, noting language which said “there is no established ratio that constitutes substantially proportionate.
The court docket ruling was that the paragraph previous did, in actuality, make it apparent, and dominated in favor of the softball team.
“We had that weeklong courtroom scenario, then we never ever read everything back again from the decide right up until February of 1993. It was sort of, Okay, that part is carried out, now we wait,” Roberts explained. “When her ruling came back again, Judge Zita Weinshienk – I’ve by no means forgot her name – it was like 18 webpages. When her judgement came out, I assume we were being just validated. Like, thank you, you noticed what we observed. Even extra, in some cases.”
A new art set up has a short while ago arrived at the Woodcock Nature Middle, located at 56 Deer Run Road in Wilton.
Many thanks to the attempts of the Friends of Weir Farm National Historic Park, one particular of the 7 life-dimensions Centennial Artwork Bison has observed its new dwelling at the Character Heart.
The Centennial Art Bison was earlier established to commemorate the U.S. National Park Service’s 100th anniversary in 2016. As of late January, the bison art sculpture has identified its new dwelling and has been fully set up at the Woodcock Nature Middle.
The piece of art is located on a hilltop that overlooks the wetlands and the forestry lining the southern finish of the Character Center’s preserve together its orange trail.
In accordance to the Character Middle, the Artwork Bison is a picket lifetime-measurement silhouette of an American bison that is coated with the paintings of Weir Protect artist Sperry Andrews, produced in 1985.
Andrews was an integral portion of a person of three generations of artists who previously lived and developed their art at Weir Farm.
The Art Bison had been formerly positioned through Weir Farm’s historic landscape from 2016 to 2018. At that issue, the bison was not covered with watercolor paintings.
A quantity of decades after it was initally highlighted, the statue was then coated with paintings from the a few generations of artists who lived, and developed artwork at Weir Farm.
Weir Farm, which is mentioned as a Nationwide Historic Park, is found at 735 Nod Hill Highway.
Every Art Bison characteristics a descriptive plaque on its again that information the artwork that the sculpture exhibits.
In its new place, the bison “will inspire guests to the Nature Middle,” they stated in a release, noting that it will present a bridge to recognize neighborhood artwork of the past.
“The Centennial Art Bison had been a great success, capturing the imagination of a lot more than 100,000 people to the park,” the President of the Close friends of Weir Farm, Judy Wander, stated of the new initiative.
She ongoing, adding that the bison’s new dwelling privide’s ample chance for visitor appreciation.
“We are incredibly grateful to Woodcock Character Middle for offering a new dwelling for this Art Bison in which it will go on to delight website visitors,” Wander reported. “The setting is a best location to showcase the artwork of Sperry Andrews and inspire the general public to get pleasure from art outside in character.”
“Woodcock is thrilled to supply a spot for this unique piece of artwork to keep on to be appreciated by the group,” Woodcock Nature Centre Executive Director Lenore Eggleston-Herbst mentioned.
The sculptures will also be featured in future programs.
“Our educators are keen to include it into our ongoing programming associated to land record, native animals and habitats as perfectly as the intersection of artwork and mother nature in our tradition. We welcome readers to practical experience the bison and the rest of our 150-acre protect on their very own time dawn to dusk each day,” Eggleston-Herbst said.
Though surveying the artwork featured on the bison, people can also encounter the lots of factors that the Nature Middle gives such as virtually four miles of publicly obtainable woodland trails and historic stone partitions and stands designed from aged maple, beech, oak and hickory that traverse the trails. Woodcock also attributes a pond and a lot of wetlands parts that are property to a selection of neighborhood wildlife, like snakes, frogs and lizards.
Woodock also boasts an “Everglades-design and style boardwalk” that lets exceptional accessibility by aspect of the abundant, ample wetlands nestled in the woods of the assets.
“Putting those two items jointly in the identical artwork can be visually jarring, or disturbing and lovely at the exact time,” Mayhugh said.
Specializing in Studio Art at the College of North Texas, Foran is a combined media artist whose do the job investigates memory, ethical reasoning and id. Her function is exhibited internationally.
Centered in Conway, SC, Cummings is a figurative artist whose function can be located in general public and personal collections. She has also exhibited her work in solo and team exhibitions during the South and Midwest.
“Both of these artists are creating unquestionably gorgeous, highly colorful, gorgeous paintings, but they truly go deeper than the initially impact,” Mayhugh stated.
Every artist’s operates are exhibited in their have room, separated by a hallway, but there are factors that carry the whole exhibition alongside one another.
“I consider every person is likely to have their personal viewpoint when they watch the artwork. I would hope this exhibit would permit people today to devote some time with artwork that may be a little not comfortable and come away with the comprehension or concept that often when we’re confronted with or confronted with something that is not comfortable, it is continue to worthy of our notice and time, and the conversations that come out of things like this is how we improve and go forward,” Mayhugh reported.
SOS’s “Human Rights: Derechos Humanos” will also go on to be on display screen as a result of Fri., Mar. 11. This portfolio of woodcut prints on “Human Rights” is a venture of SOS Art in collaboration with Taller Burro Press in Oaxaca, Mexico. The exhibition consists of 25 prints by 12 artists from Oaxaca and 12 artists from Cincinnati, every single addressing 1 of 12 human rights, and the 25th print, or protect page, was developed by Cincinnati place artist Ken Swinson.
On top of that, downstairs in the Community Gallery, there are performs from Miami University Regionals’ learners that replicate on the concept of human rights.
“The intermediate and innovative drawing pupils at the Miami College Regionals investigated concerns associated to cultural appropriation, stereotypes, and human legal rights during the Tumble semester of 2021. We designed work relating to the historical past of Native American society in Ohio and the Midwest starting off with the Northwest Ordinance in 1787 and the Greenville Treaty of 1795,” stated Professor Roscoe Wilson from the Section of Humanities and Creative Arts at Miami University Regionals.
He explained the function proven was a direct reaction to a mural that is at present hanging in Rentschler Hall at the Hamilton Campus. The students were being tasked with evaluating the mural, updating the imagery to superior reflect a much more modern context. The recent operates in the Community Gallery will be on check out through Fri., Feb. 11.
How to go
What: “Collision” exhibition
When: Now on screen as a result of Fri., Mar. 11, 2022. Gallery hrs are noon to 7 p.m. Mon. via Thurs. and noon to 5 p.m. on Fridays The galleries are also available for the duration of general public setting up several hours and prior to performances and community events.
The place: The Fitton Heart for Resourceful Arts, 101 S. Monument Ave., Hamilton
Cost: Free of charge
Much more information:www.fittoncenter.org. Be aware: Some of the paintings in “Collision” involve delicate written content.
Comprehensive parks in small towns generally serve the urban residents within a few kilometers of the park. Parks are generally in an area with a large flow of people in a small town15. However, the geographical blockage indicates that the users of parks in small towns are generally of limited educational level, so the investigation process is more complicated. This study adopts a multimethod design with DPOE (diagnostic post-use evaluation) as the main research method, supplemented by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and GIS technology, to quantitatively evaluate the current use of comprehensive parks in small cities and towns, and make a decision based on the evaluation results regarding the corresponding optimization and promotion strategy. The research was divided into the following three stages.
Evaluate
Basis of evaluation
Based on the perspective of “human body—movement—space—place—environment”21, stimulation theory and control theory in environmental psychology are used as the main directions for setting up and investigating recreational behaviors. Field investigations were conducted on the current environment, region, culture and other relevant factors of Central Park in Qingkou Town from April to May 2020. The survey covered weekdays, weekends and holidays, sunny/rainy days and mornings and evenings. The main task of the survey was to supervise the development and use of parks in small towns, the number of users, the types of facilities, and the appearance and maintenance of the park22 and to list the problems related to the environment and its ecology, the benefits provided by groups of parks, or the benefits provided to the surrounding enterprises and schools. Especially after the epidemic, residents have had a more active and urgent need for the participation of green space. To cover a wider range of weather and time conditions, data were collected in sequence during the observation period according to a preset scheme for four periods of the day, alternating between two working days and one weekend each week23. Two team members (interviewers) were in contact with tourists at different times in the park from 8 am to 8 pm. In order to minimize selection errors, each respondent was invited to participate in the survey (the targets included adults, children, and adolescents). Elderly people who agreed to participate in the survey were asked about their visit activities and usage behaviors in the park, such as the frequency of visits, distance, and satisfaction with respect to park maintenance, safety, and infrastructure construction24. Finally, the survey requested relevant social demographic information, such as age, highest education level, and marital status (with or without children).
Construction of a performance evaluation index system for comprehensive park landscapes in small towns
The evaluation index of the general applicability of small-town parks was established using a field investigation and the combination of the American landscape performance series (LPS)25. The index system was divided into three levels. The first level was the target level, that is, the evaluation index system of the comprehensive landscape performance of small-town parks. The second level was the criterion level, including environmental performance, health performance and economic performance. As the embodiment of the second level, the three-level index layer mainly includes park construction, infrastructure setting, landscape quality, garden atmosphere, and tourist behavior. Considering the accuracy of comprehensive park evaluation in small towns, the three-level index layer was used to obtain 19 related indexes after expert advice and screening20.
Questionnaire design
Since this study is aimed at parks in small towns and the surrounding residents generally have a low level of education, to obtain more effective data, the questionnaire was in the form of ticking. In terms of content, the questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part collected basic information about tourists, such as the mode of transportation to the park and visit frequency. Second, there were 19 evaluation index factors. The Likert method was used to evaluate the index26, and the answers each had five levels: very satisfied, satisfied, average, dissatisfied and very dissatisfied.
Combination weight analysis
Some papers in the past ten years have discussed the limitations of the AHP in dealing with the complexity and uncertainty of evaluation indicators and used fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods to deal with the problem of uncertainty27,28,29,30. However, the fuzzy evaluation method has gradually been eliminated due to its inability to quickly determine the evaluation content31. Therefore, this study used indicator weights for analysis and evaluation. On the basis of the AHP analytic hierarchy process, the coefficient of variation (CV) is added to the weight of each indicator32. The main purpose of adopting this method is to establish a landscape performance evaluation system for Qingkou Central Park, refer to the satisfaction evaluation of tourists through the DPOE, and determine the content that the park needs to be optimized.
Survey
The places where tourists gather or where tourists are the most often have a certain reference significance for the planning and design of parks. Therefore, collecting data on tourist gathering places is needed in the research process33. An increasing number of studies have pointed to the use of social media to examine users’ daily life behaviors and spatial distribution relationships. Wood et al. attempted to evaluate the access rate of entertainment venues based on the location of photos posted on Flickr34. Hamstead et al. use geolocation data from Flickr and Twitter to assess changes in the use of all parks in New York city35. Because the identification system for comprehensive parks in most small towns is not clear, tourists cannot clearly identify a place to visit or a location they often visit. Therefore, the following attempts were made: (1) A total of 182 points of interest of tourists in Qingkou Central Park were collected through Octopus Aata Collector 8, Six-Feet and other software. (2) The distribution of interest points and on-site observations were used to identify five gathering points that cover most of the park landscape. They were named A, B, C, D and E (Table 1) for fixed video recording. The average weekday traffic and weekend traffic information was obtained. (3) The collected data were imported into Excel for sorting, and the utilization of parks was visually expressed in different time periods through GIS. (4) From May to August 2020, 300 copies of paper questionnaires were distributed at nodes A, B, C, D and E. (5) In addition, the questionnaire content was imported into Excel for simple processing, classification and deletion of duplicate data. (6) Finally, the spatial and temporal distribution results and comprehensive evaluation results of tourists in comprehensive parks in small towns were obtained, and optimization suggestions were summarized.
Table 1 Landscape node and application of the Central Park.
Spatial distribution and experience of respondents
The behavior track, gathering area and spatial distribution of tourists in the park affect the evaluation of the park. However, due to the different behavioral habits of tourists, some areas of the park will have a crowd gathering effect36. As a result, the use of environmental resources in the park is uneven, resulting in the waste of environmental resources and ecological damage.
During the study, to make the data more accurate, a total of six samples were randomly selected from three working days and three weekends from May to July 2020 for data collection. The collection method consisted of five people at five important nodes in the park that basically cover the popular areas (including A. Northeast Main Entrance Square, B. Southwest Main Entrance Square, C. West Secondary Entrance Square, D. Sports Theme Square, and E. Waterfront wooden platform); the sites were filmed from 06:00 to 20:00 (fifteen minutes were taken from 06:00–08:00, 08:00–11:00, 11:00–13:00, 13:00–17:00 and 17:00–20:00 for each time period) to record the activity track of tourists in a day. Then, the average weekday samples and weekend samples were averaged, and the data of the flow of people and the length of stay were processed. The flow of people in the different periods of each node of the two samples was sorted using Excel, and coordinate marks were made on the construction drawings according to the image data to screen out repeated and unreasonable data37,38. Then, ArcGIS was used to perform data visualization (scenic spot heat), and the following conclusions could be drawn: there was a significant difference in the stay time of tourists at different nodes (Fig. 2).
Figure 2
Schematic diagram of the flow of people in different times and spaces.
Through node analysis, it was found that tourists stayed in the park for at least 30 min. Compared with the research process, it took approximately 1 h and 10 min to complete the whole track through the Six-Foot app, which showed that tourists stayed in the park for a longer time. Among them, the passenger flow peaks were during 06:00–08:00, 11:00–13:00 and 17:00–20:00, while the passenger flow was lower at other times. In addition, according to observation and survey data summary, passenger flow was not evenly concentrated among the five node areas6. Overall, node A and node B had a large flow of tourists and a longer stay time. Node D was ranked next, while node C and node E had less traffic and shorter stay times.
Overview of respondents
According to the POE field survey and questionnaire survey, 292 valid questionnaires (recovery rate 97.3{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48}) were obtained, among which 58.2{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (169 persons) were female, slightly higher than the 41.8{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (123 persons) that were male. Among them, 40.5{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (118 persons) were carrying children under 8 years old. In terms of age, young people between 30 and 39 years old accounted for 43.7{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (128 people), most of whom carried children, followed by younger people between 19 and 29 years old and young people between 40 and 49 years old, which fully showed that the urban center where the park is located was dominated by young people. Among the visitors, 71.9{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (210 people) were local residents, 18.5{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (54 people) were temporary residents, and 9.6{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (28 people) were foreign tourists. In terms of how people arrived at the park, most of them came by walking (116 people), accounting for 38.9{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48}, followed by electric vehicles and private cars (61 people each), accounting for 21.6{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48}. Among them, 53{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (154 people) chose to come to the park when they were free, and 24{6d6906d986cb38e604952ede6d65f3d49470e23f1a526661621333fa74363c48} (70 people) came to the park three or four times a week. In the park system of this small town, the public green space served the local residents to a large extent and gradually became a recreational place for the real-time entertainment of nearby residents (Table 2).
AHP-CV comprehensive weight analysis
The development of the AHP-CV combined weights has led to a change in the method of determining indicator weights from a single subjectiveness to a comprehensive objectivity39. In order to avoid the evolution of the AHP to a single weighting method, the AHP method is combined with the SW and CV methods here to calculate objective weight, based on the principle of minimum information entropy combining two kinds of weighted information40.
1.
To ensure the reliability of the data, first, check the consistency of the paired comparison matrix:
$$textRC = text IC/textIR$$
If RC < 0.1, the result is acceptable and has the significance of in-depth research.
2.
The CV method of calculating objective weights is a statistical measure of the degree of dispersion of the probability distribution or frequency distribution32, that is, the ratio of the standard deviation to the evaluation mean, expressed as a certain degree of change. This study uses the CV method to calculate objective weights.
Coefficient of variation calculation model:
$$C_i = fracsigma_i mu_i $$
Weight calculation model:
$$W_2i = fracC_i mathop sum nolimits_i = 1^n C_i $$
3.
Combine the obtained weight i with the weight obtained by CV, and the combined weight of each evaluation index adopts the calculation principle of minimum information entropy. The combination of methods makes full use of the AHP and CV methods and solves the uncertainty problem caused by the fuzzy analysis method.
All test methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All pilot schemes have been approved by the ethics committee of Fuzhou Municipal government, including any relevant details. Informed consent has been obtained from all participants in the questionnaire and/or their legal guardians (Tables 2, 3).
Table 2 Characteristics of visitors.
Table 3 Qingkou central park evaluation index weight and weight ranking.
